The House on Mango Street Persuasive free essay sample

The House on Mango Street Persuasive Essay Esperanza’s New Home I would like to nominate Esperanza Codero and her family for the Extreme Makeover: Home Edition. Esperanza is a young Latino girl who is around the age of thirteen; Esperanza lives in a place called Mango Street, which is a very poor neighborhood, with her family in a nearly broken down house in which everybody has to share a room. I believe Esperanza deserves to be nominated because she has been through a great deal in The House on Mango Street. Esperanza deserves to be chosen for the show because she understands her situation and the fact that her parents cannot provide her with the essentials like a stable house and the things she wants. There are a few reasons why Esperanza and her family Do Not deserve to be nominated for the show. We will write a custom essay sample on The House on Mango Street Persuasive or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One reason is that Esperanza and her family do not contribute to society thus they do not deserve to chosen for the show. A second reason why Esperanza doesn’t deserve to get be nominated is that Esperanza only wants a house because she feels embarrassed of the house that she has and wants one that she doesn’t have to be embarrassed about. A last reason is that Esperanza and her family might be one of the worst off in their neighborhood there are others who are still have worse living conditions. These are the reasons Esperanza and her family do not deserve to be chosen for the show. Despite all these reasons Esperanza deserves to be nominated for the show. You can tell a lot about Esperanza and her family’s socioeconomic status by looking at them and the others in the neighborhood. Their socioeconomic status is very much reflected in the condition of their house. You can begin to understand Esperanza’s family’s socioeconomic status by listening to the description of her house, â€Å"It’s small and red with tight steps in front and windows to small you’d think they were holding their breath. Bricks are crumbling in places, and the front door is so swollen you have to push hard to get in. † (Cisneros 4). Esperanza’s house is old and falling apart which clearly demonstrates that her family has a very poor socioeconomic status. However, Esperanza’s family is not the only family on Mango Street that experiences poverty. In the book Esperanza describes two ther children, Rachel and Lucy who wear clothes â€Å"[that] are crooked and old† and â€Å"shiny Sunday shoes without socks. † (Cisneros 13-14). Esperanza’s description of Rachel and Lucy shows that their family cannot afford nice clothes in the same way that Esperanza’s family cannot afford a secure home. Although Espe ranza’s family is not the only ones in their neighborhood who face poverty they deserve to be chosen for the show because they are not very well off financially and need assistance to turn their lives around. Esperanza also demonstrates that she deserves to be chosen for the show with her personal character. Throughout the book Esperanza experiences many difficult situations and shows that she ahs the knowledge and understanding to overcome these situations. Esperanza describes her name and how she dislikes it and she states what her name means, â€Å"In English my name means hope. In Spanish it means too many letters. It means sadness, it means waiting. † (Cisneros 10) This quote demonstrates the amount of knowledge Esperanza has at such a young age. Esperanza feels that she cannot leave Mango Street until she has a house of her own, â€Å"Until then I am a red balloon tied to an anchor. (Cisneros 9) This quote describes that Esperanza is willing to wait until she can find a way to get out of Mango Street. Esperanza’s personal character and her knowledge make her a perfect choice for the show. Esperanza faces a large amount of adversity, which she must overcome, living on Mango Street. Esperanza knows that overcoming her situation on Mango Street will prove to be a challe nge for her. â€Å"[The four skinny trees] strength is secret. They send ferocious roots beneath ground. They grow up and down and grab the earth between hairy toes and bite the sky with violent teeth and never quit their anger. This is how they keep. † (Cisneros 74) This quote describes that Esperanza can overcome her situation of being on Mango Street just like the skinny trees can grow up through the concrete. Esperanza feels that she must eventually come back to Mango Street because it was her first home. â€Å"They will not know I have gone away and come back. † (Cisneros 110) This quote symbolizes that even though Esperanza believes she does not belong on Mango Street that she is a part of it and she cannot change that. Esperanza copes with daily life by telling stories, stories of Mango Street and all those who lived on it. Esperanza’s ability to overcome the adversity in her neighborhood makes her a great choice for the show. Esperanza and her family deserve this because they have never had a stable home to call their own. Esperanza deserves to be chosen because the only thing she has ever wanted is a home. Esperanza’s family would benefit from this because they would never forget who they are or where they came from for example when Esperanza says she will invite bums into her home because she knows what it is like to not have nice things. These are the reasons why Esperanza and her family deserve to be chosen for the Extreme Makeover: Home Edition.

Yellow Journalism Research Paper Example

Yellow Journalism Research Paper Example Yellow Journalism Paper Yellow Journalism Paper Yellow Journalism Complete the graphic organizer using the information from Site 1 . Headlines Pulitzer and Hearst agreed that the key to selling a newspaper was an attention-grabbing emotional headline. At Site 2, click on Headline Gallery and look at the headlines from actual newspapers in 1898. Notice the word choices in the headlines. . List the words you see that appeal to peoples emotions: -vengeance, victory, slaughter, war, destroyed, enemy, conviction, criminals, death, perpetrator, outrage, crisis, treachery, blow 2. In the chart, rewrite the headlines below in the style of yellow journalism. Remember, you want each title to include alarming Or sensational words that would prompt people to buy the paper and find out more. For example, a headline that reads Politician Accused of Corruption might be rewritten as Scandal! Politician Caught in Shameless Crime! Headline Rewrite Dead Body Found in Creek Deceased Jane Doe found in Huntington Creek and too mutilated to be identified! Could we have a murderer on the loose? Grocery Store Robbed Thugs threaten our local businesses after the destructive robbery last night Coal Building Burned to the Ground Arson!! Local businesses and shops could be at risk!! It is a type of journalism that uses little to no true honest sources and just writes with catchy headlines and false gossip. It is all about catching the readers eye and getting them to read what is the supposed latest gossip. It also uses a lot of pictures and cartoons that appeal to the eyes of the buyer. It was used to make money for newspaper companies. All they care about is the money and that the buyers enjoy what they put out. They do not care if their facts are legitimate or not. It is all about making money and it was discovered and used as a smart marketing move. They also wanted to influence people of the United States at the time that war with Spain was necessary; therefore, they exaggerated all the war details and the war stories of what the Spanish were doing to the Cubans. There was a particular cartoon called The Yellow Kid that was used by the top magazines specifically by two men named Hearst and Pulitzer. This cartoon was very popular and it used yellow ink that caught buyers eye; therefore, the critics named the form of journalism after the cartoon. It was and still is used everywhere. It was originally discovered in New York City but its use and popularity did not stop there.

Barriers To Sustainable Tourism Developments Tourism Essay

Barriers To Sustainable Tourism Developments Tourism Essay Introduction Tourism is highly known as one of the world’s fastest growing industries and become the major contributor to the country’s economic growth in terms foreign exchange earnings and creates job opportunities in both large and small communities. Hence, the increasing economic importance of tourism has captured the attention and interest in most developing countries. However, people have not been thinking about the range of impacts resulted from tourism which is broad and could even negatively impact on the destination community. The uncontrolled rapid growth of tourism can poses a significant threat towards the environment and social community in other words tourism can result serious environmental and social-cultural problems. Therefore, in a way to controlled and minimize the negative impacts of tourism, sustainable tourism development need to be achieved. Sustainable tourism today become highly important in the tourism industry and it is important to encoura ge more people to travel green and to ensure that the tourism is environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable. Many destinations have also recognized the importance of achieving sustainable tourism development. However, for many developing countries worldwide sustainable tourism has not properly been translated into wide practice and there can be economic, social, and physical barriers that tend to pose great hindrances to sustainable development. In order to determine how the tourism industry can move towards sustainability, it is important to examine the barriers that hinder sustainable tourism, and then develop strategies to reduce the barriers. Thus, aim of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the barriers of implementing sustainability initiatives and achieving sustainable tourism development particularly in Gili Trawangan, Indonesia. 2.0 Literature Review on Sustainable Tourism Tourism is a significant global industry with a huge impact towards the environment. Tou rism is also the world’s largest industry, with total receipts from the international tourism equaling US $682 billion (WTO, 2006). The tourism industry also employs an estimated of 10 percent of the global workforce and capital formation. Due to this significance of this industry and that environmental degradation has impacted most tourism destinations; the need to implement more sustainable practices has come to forefront of global issues (Graci, 2004). The need to plan for tourism in a sustainable manner is evident through the developments that have occurred worldwide since the United Nations Conference on Environment Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. In the conference, tourism was identified as one of the five main industries in need for achieving sustainable development (Theobald 1998, Budeanu 1999, Pryce 2001). The World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council, and the Earth Council published Agenda 21 for the travel and tourism industry in 1 995, which this document aimed to establish systems and procedure to incorporate sustainable development considerations into the decision making process of tourism activities. It also highly emphasized the importance of partnership between tourism industry and government and demonstrated the benefits of making the whole industry sustainable, not only just the niche ecotourism sector (Pryce, 2001). The idea of sustainable tourism has its roots in the concept of sustainable development, defined by the Brundtland Commission as ‘development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’ (World Commission on Environment and Development 1987). Other effective adoption or concept of ecologically sustainable tourism, defined by the World Tourism Organization (2002) is:

Unemployment in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Unemployment in the United States - Essay Example Since then, the American has tried all means to revive the economy and decrease the unemployment rates in the country. Consequently, there has been an impressive progress in the rates of unemployment marked by a trend of decline. Currently, the rate of unemployment is at 5.5%, a figure similar to the rate reported in February. Despite this lowest rate in over 7 years, unemployment is still a massive issue that affects a significant number of Americans. A number of factors contribute to this unending state of employment in America, namely, global factors, economic conditions, minimum wage, part-time jobs, and the dynamics of the oil industry. As the world opens up to trade and business opportunities, a number of issues arise the affect countries either negatively or positively. For instance, offshoring is one of the issues that have arisen due to globalization. Multinational companies among other businesses prefer to outsource services in low-cost labor nations in order to cut on costs. Companies are engaging in offshoring practices both for service jobs and for manufacturing jobs. The driving force behind this conduct is to operate in countries where they can save on labor costs, avoid regulatory laws, and productivity. Thus, offshoring has greatly affected job creation and availability of jobs in the United States leading to unemployment. According to a report by Forrester Research released in 2004, by 2015, 3.4 million service jobs will be moved abroad during 1.2 million jobs were expected to be offshored between 2003 and 2008 (Levine, 2011). Additionally, according to Bureau of Labor of Statistics estimates one-fifth of workers in the United States were working in industries subject to offshoring. An example of multinational company that has actively engaged in offshoring practice is Apple. As of 2012, Apple had 20,000 workers based in other countries and 43,000 workers in America. Additionally, the 700,000 engineer who develop Apple’s products by

International standards on customs services Essay

International standards on customs services - Essay Example In addition, the customs offices that are not working in collaboration with the international community can create chaos in issues like intellectual property and patenting. Thus, the need to have international standards in customs services has been well understood by people. As a result, a large number of international regulatory bodies have taken birth. The very first one is World customs Organisation which represents more than 166 members. On 23 June 2005, all the members of WCO accepted the SAFE Framework of Standards to Secure and Facilitate Global Trade. The Framework intends to provide supply chain security and facilitation at a global level in order to enhance certainty and predictability. Also, it ensures an integrated supply chain management for all modes of transport. This introduces a number of changes in the existing system. Firstly, it harmonises advanced electronic cargo information requirements on inbound, outbound and transit shipments. Also, according to the Framework, it is the sending nation’s customs administration that performs outbound cargo inspection instead of the receiving nation. Such inspections will adopt non-intrusive detection equipments like x-ray machines and radiation detectors. This ensures that a clearance can be made before the cargo reaches the destination (World Customs Organization, 200 7, p.6-7). Another one is the World Trade Organisation (WTO) that deals with the global rules or trade between nations. This organisation works to see that trade is conducted smoothly, predictably and as freely as possible. The WTO usually covers goods, services and intellectual property. As nations become members of WTO, they have to disclose all the laws and regulations they have adopted. Then, the WTO committees will work to see that the WTO agreements are properly followed by the member nation. In

Ethical Treatment of Prisoners Essay Example for Free

Ethical Treatment of Prisoners Essay Ethical Treatment of Prisoners BY MeltssaoT People in society today have rules, regulations, and guidelines to follow in order to maintain freedom, safety, structure, and self-discipline. If any of these rules are broken, there are consequences to follow. It depends on the severity of the crime on what type of punishment or consequence is given to an individual. If the crime is severe enough the individual may be deprived of their rights, freedom of movement, and sent to prison for a duration of time. If one is sent to prison then the ethical treatment of prisoners rights must be taking into consideration and analyzed. A prisoner/inmate is a person that has committed a criminal offence and depending on their criminal history he or she may be put on probation or confined to a county Jail or state penitentiary. Once an individual gets behind those block walls their lives then tend to belong to the deputies, correctional officer or warden that is employed by that facility. Within the prison system there is a division of power that exists. This power can leave feelings of powerlessness and dependency in the prisoners. We all have heard stories of correction officers using their power of authority to abuse and psychologically harm the prisoner. For example a couple of months ago in the state that I live in there was an inmate who was locked up for a minor charge of failure to appear. He was waiting for his dinner this particular evening, and the deputy almost slammed the inmate finger in the door. Of course this escalade into a verbal altercation between the two, and from there a physical fight broke out. The deputy which outweighed the inmate by over 100 pounds picked up the inmate and slammed him on his head onto a concrete floor multiple times until the inmate was unconscious. The Jailhouse officials rush this inmate to the ospital in which he went into a coma, and eventually was placed on life support. The family of this inmate was faced with a difficult situation which was either remove him from life support or leave him there to waste a away. In the end the family made the decision to remove their love one from life support, and the deputy was behind a minor criminal matter the question is did he deserve to be treated less than a human being? Did he really deserve to die? Some people might argue the fact that because he was locked up then he deserved the treatment that he got and others might voice the difference. I personally say no, because this is still a life and even though he made a mistake there should have been a correct way to go about punishment for this inmate if he really had got out of order. When law abiding citizens and correctional officers look at prisoners, it does not matter what the crime was or how severe the punishment, a prisoner is a nobody. In the United States there are many people that may agree and have strong feelings when it comes to this statement. In ethics a utilitarian may say that human beings should focus on the potential rules of an action and determine what would happen if e or she follows the rules. Utilitarian theory states the moral worth of an action should be determined specifically by its usefulness in maximizing utility and minimizing negative utility. The world as a whole has a moral code on how people should conduct themselves, on what is right and wrong. The belief of the utilitarian theory can be used in prisons to help those that really want to be rehabilitated. I am not saying that this theory will work for all, but there are some men and women that deserve another chance in life. We have to realize that everyone makes mistakes n their life, some are worse than others, but in the end everyone still deserves to be treated with dignity and respect, no matter what they may have done. I have heard stories about men that may have raped or killed a little child is sent to prison the correctional officers tend to sometime turn their heads and let the other inmates beat him or rape him until he is almost dead. I dont agree with the fact that he hurt a child but at the same time I dont think that its morally right that they allow the other inmates to Jeopardize what little bit of freedom that they may have behind hose prison walls either. The ethical solution to this is when you do have a child rapist sent to prison put those type of people in a area amongst themselves and maybe have counselors around where they can get a better understanding of this person sick mind because sometimes these people that do these type of things have had some type of trauma when they were a child. It is unethical to confine an individual to a correctional facility and expose this individual to danger. When you talk about ethics in prison, in the eyes of some that is either driving by hat facility yard every day or has never really been behind those thick masculine bars then one may say that these people are animals and they deserve to be behind those bars. Once behind those bars their life changes because they have to be told when to eat, when to sleep, when to walk and talk. If an inmate is not like by a correctional officer or if one does not follow order then they may be deprived of food or even yard time. Torture and beatings will not correct their behavior but will make them more aggressive so that choice is not the best. If any of these things should appen then this may lead to riots and in serious scenarios, killing of security guards. It is best to provide the basic needs such as food to the prisoners so that there is a harmonious reaction between the prisoner and the correction officer. The utilitarian would say that inmates should follow a morally right rule that would result in happiness in which once they are return to society they can determine what rules citizens. Learning positive rules will result to good behavior and a change of mind that life without freedom is something that one may not want to return to. In contrast..

The Great Depression in America :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Great Depression of 1929-33 was the most severe economic crisis of modern times. Millions of people lost their jobs, and many farmers and businesses were bankrupted. Industrialized nations and those supplying primary products which were all affected in one way or another. In Germany the United States industrial output fell by about 50 per cent, and between 25 and 33 per cent of the industrial labor force was unemployed. The Depression was eventually to cause a complete turn-around in economic theory and government policy. In the 1920s governments and business people largely believed, as they had since the 19th century, that prosperity resulted from the least possible government intervention in the domestic economy, from open international relations with little trade discrimination, and from currencies that were fixed in value and readily convertible. Few people would continue to believe this in the 1930s.The Great Depression was an economic slump in North America, It was the longest and most severe depression ever experienced by the industrialized Western world. Though the U.S. economy had gone into depression six months earlier, the Great Depression may be said to have begun with a catastrophic collapse of stock-market prices on the New York Stock Exchange in October 1929. During the next three years of the U.S. government stock continue to fall, until by late 1932 they had dropped to only about 20 percent of their value in 1929. Besides ruining many thousands of individual investors, this precipitous decline in the value of assets greatly strained banks and other financial institutions, particularly those holding stocks in their portfolios. Many banks were consequently forced into insolvency; by 1933, 11,000 of the United States' 25,000 banks had failed. Many people thought that it was the governments fault for bringing this together. It also became clear that there had been serious over-production in agriculture, leading to falling prices and a rising debt among farmers. The Depression spread rapidly around the world because the responses made by governments were flawed. When faced with falling export earnings they overreacted and severely increased tariffs on imports, thus further reducing trade. Moreover, since deflation was the only policy supported by economic theory at the time, the initial response of every government was to cut their spending. As a result consumer demand fell even further.

Frank Too Big Too Ignore Essay

â€Å"Income Inequality: Too Big to Ignore† Summary Robert Frank, a professer at Cornell University, published an article for the New York Times on October 16, 2010. The title of the article was â€Å"Income Inequality: Too Big to Ignore†. In â€Å"Income Inequality: Too Big to Ignore†, Frank argues that there are differences in the social classes of the American people and that it is having a negative effect on our economy’s growth. Frank explains that middle class citizens are in a struggle to maintain a good financial position. Meanwhile, the upper class citizens are spending copious amounts of money which makes it increasingly more difficult for the middle class to meet their basic needs. He says that the middle class are looking toward upper class citizens, comparing their posesions as well as their financial positions which makes the middle class feel financially unstable. Frank explains that the income gap between the classes are causing distress on marriages of American citizens. He states that divorce rates rise when people are in financial distress. in conjunction with finincial uneasyness, Frank explains that the willingness to ignore infrastructure is an effect as well as the relocation of lower class families to places that are further away from their places of employment. Frank concludes by how the income gap is not only unfair, but that it would be unwise to continue on the current path of income inequality. Connections Frank has a very bleak view of the economic status of America in which he shares with Herbert. One of the main evidence’s of this point is the comparison of Frank’s quote in which he states â€Å"By contrast, during the last three decades, the economy has grown much more slowly, and our infrastructure has fallen into grave disrepair.† (580) with Herbert’s quote â€Å"It will likely take many years, perhaps a decade or more, to get employment back to a level at which one could fairly say the economy is thriving.† (564) In comparison between Frank and Thomas, each author believes that there is something wrong with the system and that the American people need to do something about it. This can be justified within Thomas’ and Frank’s articles. Frank states â€Å"No one dares to argue that rising inequality is required in the name of fairness. So maybe we should just agree that it’s a bad thing – and try to do something about it.†(584). Thomas explains â€Å"We must also understand what got us here and the path that leads upward.† (570) Frank can also agree with Brandon King in the fact that America is still repairable. King states â€Å"If the Great Recession has taught us anything, it is that planning for the future by saving more and enacting policies that sustain economic growth are what will keep the American Dream alive.† In comparison, Frank believes that we need to consult the problem in order to repair it.

How to Play Texas Holdem Essay

As a hobby for my spare time, I play poker. Texas Hold’em to be precise a game of skill, chance, and luck. This game can be a compotation, or just a way to have some fun with some friends. There are many different places to play holdem you can play at home, city leagues, or at the casino. Here are some basic rule and tips to playing the game; The game starts out by selecting a dealer, either by draw or setting posion. Once the dealer is picked and the cards are shuffled, and ready to start the deal. The two players to the left of the dealer put out blind bets. The first person to the left is the small blind while the second person from the dealer is the big blind. Every player is dealt two cards, face down. These cards are called hole or pocket cards. The first move, or action, falls on the player to the left of the big blind. This person can call the big blind, raise it or fold. This process continues around the table, clockwise. After the betting is completed, one card is placed face down this is called the burn card, three cards are then dealt face up in the center of the table, which is called the board. The first three cards in Texas Holdem are called the flop. These cards â€Å"community cards† meaning everyone can (and will) use them in combination with their own hole cards to make the best hand. From the flop on, betting begins with the player to the left of the dealer, who can check or bet. A forth card is dealt face up after the burn, is placed on the board. This is called the turn card. Another round of betting. A final card is dealt face up. This card is called fifth street or the river. A final round of betting occurs. The remaining players show their cards and the person who make the best five cards hand by combining their pocket cards with the cards on the board wins. In some rare cases in Texas Hold’em, the five cards on the board will actually be the best hand, in which case everyone left in the hand divides up the pot. Now you know how to play and all the Texas Hold’em rules. Have fun.

buy custom The Mentally Ill Chemical Abusers essay

buy custom The Mentally Ill Chemical Abusers essay The Mentally Ill Chemical Abusers (MICA) patients are those individuals who abuse drugs because of their mental ill health (Reid Silver, 2003). Those individuals who exhibit severe mental illness suffer from medical disorders and other psychiatric problems presents a variety of social, individual, political, and financial challenges both for program funding and the planning and implementation of effective reconstructive treatment programs (Reid Silver, 2003). In addition to severe mental illness, the MICA patients may suffer from severe behavioral, personality, addictive, physical, or cognitive disease, which will require a treatment program to be extremely effective in treating the patients. The wide range of diseases that affect MICA patients has called for the development of a great deal of treatment models to cater for the multiple needs of the patients (Reid Silver, 2003). There is need for evaluating the clinical effectiveness of the treatment models so that to avoid wastage of the limited treatment resources and to improve the clinical treatment strategies for those patients who undergo positive dual diagnosis (Reid Silver, 2003). This study looks into the clinical impact of various program models on the mentally ill chemical abusers. Researchers select specific study variables and outcome indicators to demonstrate the effectiveness of each model in meeting the therapeutic goals for patients, and to reject outcomes that result from the differences between the treatment programs, such as number of delivered services, level of MICA patient participation, and population differences. These indicators facilitate comparisons of the outcome efficaciousness between treatment programs. As such, the indicators directly relate to the stated goals of the programs under study. Since the staffing pattern, location, goals, and outplacement resources of the treatment programs are identical, and the patient population possessing similar characteristics, the results of the study should illustrate the impact of the integrated and disease specific program models as the best approaches in treating MICA patients. Different treatment models may not be equally effective in the treatment of the MICA patients. Therefore, the program evaluation outcomes would be useful to administrators, program developers, policy planners, and legislators who must design and put into practice the most effective treatment program that will rely on the limited resources (Kloss, Lisman, 2003). In addition to determining the most effective treatment and programmatic approach, this information can also be useful in improving the quality of care for MICA patients with severe problems. The programs for treating the dually diagnosed MICA patients primarily belong to two categories, namely, integrated program model and disease specific program model (Kloss, Lisman, 2003). A disease specific program focuses treatment on distress as the primary area and minimizes the urgency or importance of other areas of MICA patient dysfunction. A great deal of hospital based mental health programs and substance abuse and addiction tre atment programs model treatment programs model their treatment in this manner (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). Research by Lessa Scanlon (2006) shows that An integrated program model is common in both community based settings and hospitals, and its main purpose is to provide individualized treatment that can cater for all areas of dysfunction in a single program. Governments base the development of the program models more on political interests in the treatment of specific MICA patient populations and availability of funding, and to some extent on clinical efficacy (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). There has been perpetuation of the program models fragmentation through the development of arbitrary and artificial administrative divisions at the local, state, and federal levels without considering the clinical measures of the effectiveness for various treatment program models (Reid Silver, 2003). Therefore, it is possible that most of the grant financed and public sector programs continue to benefit financially through various funding streams without provable clinical success. This leads to the siphoning of critical finances from those treatment programs that employ more clinically feasible models. Programs that embrace a self-medication philosophy consider chemical dependency to occur either as a coping mechanism for primary psychopathology or as symptoms of mental illness (Reid Silver, 2003). They view patients as those individuals who use chemicals for the purposes of alleviating the symptoms of mental disorders such as anxiety and depression. The treatment goals for these programs put more emphasis on improvements in mental functioning (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). Clinicians expect the mentally ill individuals and chemical abusers to change to psychologically healthy. The integrated and disease specific treatment programs possess a major advantage of diagnosing psychiatric problems and offering treatment along with the symptoms of substance abuse. However, this is the main disadvantage of the models as well. Making assumptions that mental illnesses cause chemical abuse contradicts the possibility that can cause the psychopathology (Reid Silver, 2003). Because the focus of trea tment is on the outcome of the primary mental illness, problems of chemical abuse that may be actual clinical etiology may not undergo treatment. Lessa Scanlon (2006) have confirmed that social deficit philosophies of treatment consider mental illness and chemical addiction as due to cultural, environmental, family or peer influences. Most people view the mentally ill individuals and drug abusers as the products of drug availability, poverty, family dysfunction, and peer pressure. Lessa Scanlon (2006) suggest that the objective of treatment in the integrated and disease specific treatment programs is to improve the social functioning of MICA patients by altering their environment or coping reactions to perceived stressors. Interventions may involve residential treatment, attending self-help groups, interpersonal therapy, and group therapy, whose goal is to improve social skills of the MICA patients (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). According to Lessa Scanlon (2006), the main disadvantage of embracing a social deficit philosophy for treating the MICA patients lies in the sole treatment of social factors for the multi-factored problems. This again means the need for acceptance of additional treatment schemes that depends on the competing philosophies. By accepting any of the primary assumptions alone, and depending solely on a single philosophic stance, practitioners and researchers perpetuate the state of affairs by staying uncritical regarding the problems underlying their models. Consequently, this process has produced service roadblocks that have excluded or discouraged a great deal of dually diagnosed MICA patients from getting admission to, seeking, or successfully finishing appropriate treatment programs (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). Instead of producing additional philosophic and subpopulation barriers, the vital question for both researchers and MICA treatment providers should be how the clinicians can best match patients in the course of their treatment to various models and programs so that to maximize outcomes in multivariate and bio-psychosocial treatment programs (Kloss, Lisman, 2003). The dually diagosed MICA patients possess complex interactive symptomatology and treatment needs that call for more integrated approaches than are generally employed (Reid Silver, 2003). Therefore, it is more likely that the integrated treatment program would be more effective in the treatment of dually diagnosed MICA patients as compared to a disease specific program. However, because substance abuse and addiction present severe therapeutic challenges, a more restrictive substance abuse model may offer increased efficaciousness for the MICA patients (Reid Silver, 2003). Evaluation of the treatment outcomes that various program models produce, treatment of the MICA patient population, should show the relative cost efficiency and clinical effectiveness of each treatment program model. Within the integrated treatment model, each system of care must include elements that meet the needs of MICA patients in every phase of rehabilitation and recovery (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). In addition, treatment programs must address levels of disability and severity with each rehabilitation phase. For instance, treatment programs must provide the services of acute detoxification for both non-psychotic and psychotic patients; provide group and individual therapy services for alleviating various levels of dysfunction in both mental illness and substance abuse; and deliver services for stabilizing psychosis, whether the MICA patient is under active substance withdrawal or not (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). Therefore, the integrated treatment program must contain a variety of types and sufficient numbers of clinicians to ensure that there is customized and comprehensive treatment inherent in the program. An integrated treatment program for MICA patients involves more comprehensive treatment strategies and philosophies than the disease specific treatment programs (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). Integrated approaches enable clinicians to use the most appropriate type and level of treatment technologies in the rehabilitation of MICA patients at their level of need. Therefore, through customization, integrative treatment program will meet both the addiction needs and mental health of the patient (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). The disease specific treatment program is naturally more generic, requiring MICA patients to meet its expectations, as opposed to the program meeting the patients needs. A number of substance abuse programs emphasize individual and group counseling in a restrictive, substance free, and highly structured environment (Kloss, Lisman, 2003). Both integrative and disease specific treatment models impose abstinence from all types of substances, which includes psychotropic medication. I n mental health, disease specific treatment program concentrates on functional rehabilitation and adaptation in less restrictive surroundings, but minimize the consequences of addiction (Kloss, Lisman, 2003). There is an assumption that the two treatment programs will facilitate the motivation of MICA patients to participate in treatments with an aim of alleviating their distress. Those patients who fail to meet the expectations of the programs are treatment refractory or treatment resistant, they should seek help in other programs, or the clinicians should discharge them from the treatment programs (Lessa Scanlon, 2006). According to Lessa Scanlon (2006), clinicians encounter a number challenges from the clinical presentation of the MICA patients. The concurrent expression of symptoms from both mental illness and chemical abuse and addiction makes conceptualization, diagnosis, and treatment decision-making problematic, and in most cases leads to poor treatment reaction and outcome. Research has shown that when MICA patients go to agencies that offer treatment to patients with addictions, responsible personnel is likely to view the patients within disease model, because the perspective predominates among the institutions and providers of alcoholism treatment in the United States (Kloss, Lisman, 2003). Conversely, individuals with psychoses receive treatment in mental health settings, and this is where the focus is pharmacological and medical. The adherence of clinicians to either of the one-dimensional frameworks may possibly be counter therapeutic for treating MICA patients. Enrolling the MICA pati ents in two different agencies may give desirable results. The goal of this study is to identify the most appropriate treatment programs for mentally ill chemical abusers. However, the literature review shows that the integrated and disease specific treatment programs are the best for treating the MICA patients. It is easier to develop possible research questions after reading through the literature review. The researcher will used purposive sampling method by administering questionnaires as quantitative research instruments to clinicians. The questionnaires ensure that information such as names from the clinicians is confidential. The investigation will look into patient outcomes for the integrated and disease specific treatment program models at Bellevue Hospital Center, which deal with the treatment of homeless, male MICA patients. The researcher will compare the clinical outcomes in the integrated MICA mental health program with the outcomes in the disease specific substance abuse and addiction treatment program. The goals of the two residential treatment programs are to rehabilitate MICA patients for a six-month period and to place the recovering patients in community based housing. The researcher will perform comparisons of MICA patient outcomes for efficaciousness indicators to determine the relative value of the integrated and disease specific treatment models in the treatment o f MICA patients. There are limited questions to help the participating clinicians stay accurate and focused in the answers they provide. The questionnaire is only asking those questions that will try to evaluate the experiences of clinicians who treat mental illness and substance abuse problems. The researcher will administer a questionnaire on one specific issue to ensure that the results and findings are extremely accurate. The questionnaire contains 17 questions, which considers the outcomes of patients in the two programs across seven indicators, namely successful community placement, cost efficiency, service hours, recidivism, subpopulation outcomes, treatment failures, and patient satisfaction. The researcher will hand the questionnaires to the clinicians on the same day and ensure that the participants complete them at the same time in order to reduce the possibility of biasness in the answers they provide. It is necessary for the researcher to gain approval of a clinical director before administering the questionnaires. This will ensure that all clinicians in Bellevue Hospital Center will participate in completing the questionnaires. It will also allow the clinicians to provide accurate and clear answers, which will ready to a successful study. The questionnaire should possess content validity, external validity, and internal validity. A researcher can achieve face validity of the questionnaire through careful inspection and determination of its viability. The researcher ensures that the questionnaire possesses content validity by checking whether it has questions that address possible interventions that Bellevue Hospital Center offers. The use of questionnaire willl lead to external validity threats to this study, especially when the researcher involves few participants. The researcher will administer the questionnaires to a few clinicians who serve community, which will result in lack of the ability to relate outcomes to other communities. When the participants are aware that the questionnaire is for the purposes of a school assignment, they may fail to take it serious and provide less accurate responses. The use questionnaires experience many validity threats, which require a researcher to be very careful before and after handing them out. When a researcher has ensured that questionnaires possess both internal and external validity, the outcomes of the study will be reliable. However, it is important to keep in mind that a valid measure is not necessarily a reliable measure. Therefore, even if this study may suffer from threats of validity such as small population and lack of randomized assignment of questionnaires, researchers goal is to ensure reliable study outcomes. Reliability testing such as a test and re-test technique is necessary because it will enable a researcher to achieve more accurate results from the study. A researcher can achieve this by administering the questionnaires to the same groups of participants at two or more different times to show whether he will get the same outcomes. Another test for reliability includes the rearrangement of the order of questions on th e questionnaire and administration to the same group of participants. This would be the best way of assuring reliability but it would be impossible because of time and resource limitations. However, in spite of the threats, the researcher can collect meaningful information for analysis. The findings of the study can be show the effectiveness of integrated and disease specific treatment program models in treating the mentally ill and substance abusers, and in collecting information subsequent research in the future. The researcher can then be able to create a valid measure for further improvements in the condition of MICA patients. The investigation will include the male, MICA patients who entered the integrated and disease specific treatment programs after 11/21/2009 and who left by 7/21/2011. Both programs will use similar admission measures homelessness as well as a major Axis I diagnosis and a substance abuse and addiction diagnosis. The patient referrals to the two programs will come from the same New York City homeless shelter programs and Bellevue inpatient psychiatric units. Therefore, the patient population for the programs under study is likely to be indistinguishable for the purpose of the study. The researcher will confirm this through the analysis of variance and by comparing the demographic features between the groups using the dimensions of substance abuse severity, diagnosis, prison history, age, number of hospitalizations in the past, medication, suicide history. Since the researcher determines the subject pool to be equivalent, he will compare the success of treatment program and determine a c omparative rate across indicators. In this studys context, a Global Assessment Functioning (GAF) level of about 80 is necessary for successful rehabilitation and graduation of MICA patients. The researcher will record the functional level on the functional assessment forms of New York City Department of Mental Health. The addiction severity index as a survey instrument is a suitable research instrument in recording the type of abused substance, duration of substance abuse, work history, and prison. The clinical case managers will determine the functional level during graduation and the extent of addiction severity within the two programs. Clinical case managers from the afflicted case management programs will subsequently confirm the levels and scores. The MICA patients will complete a self-report questionnaire as the suitable instrument for collecting quantitative data. The case managers are responsible for patient follow-up of the MICA patients who will have recovered, graduated, and found a place in the community b ased housing. The clinical case managers, who put down the outcomes on the New York State Office of Mental Form 143a, Part 1 and 2, will perform a three-month post graduation outcome information on MICA patients in the community based housing. This data acts as the basis for recidivism and post graduation placement data. The selection of Subjects The study will include about 300 male patients, 200 from the MICA TLC and 100 from the TLC. The researcher will base the selection of the patients for the two programs on their meeting the criteria of both diagnosis and homeless admission. For instance, when the patients are homeless for more than three months, possess major depression and substance abuse and addiction, and are ambulatory and never require an acute care. The researcher will not impose other conditions for admissions. The study will include only the MICA patients, even if the TLC program admits patients without substance abuse diagnosis. However, the study included all admitted MICA TLC patients. In either program, the MICA patients will be included. Calculations, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of the data will take place after data collection. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences will be a necessary program during the analysis and calculations. This study investigates the relative impact of an integrated program model and disease specific program model on the treatment results for MICA patients. The goal of the research is to determine the effectiveness of the two treatment programs. The outcome results for the patients will demonstrate the difference between the two programs and the therapeutic models. The therapeutic failure and success rates, patient-satisfaction survey results, the differences in recidivism rates, and the cost efficiency level can be significant in differentiating the two treatment programs and their respective therapeutic models. Studies show that the integrated model is very effective in treating the MICA patients. However, the integrated program model can leave some problems unresolved. Full and comprehensive intervention can only take place simultaneously for the dually diagnosed MICA patients when there is sufficient program organization, staffing, and staff training. There is need for additional p rogrammatic strategies to discourage substance abuse and to treat compromising medical disorders. The integrated programs can effectively deal with a wide variety of therapeutic issues, once the professional level training includes integrative treatment strategies and technologies for multiple and interacting symptoms. Education programs for mental health include some form of training in psychotherapeutic paradigms. The psychotherapeutic paradigms may include client centered, cognitive behavioral, psychoanalytic, interpersonal, family, and systems treatment technologies and modalities. Additional professional training in an integrative and eclectic use of the therapeutic technologies with various dually diagnosed patients can enable clinicians to accurately evaluate and treat multiple types of dual diagnosis in the same mental health center. Careful integration of treatment program services will facilitate the normalization of coexisting disorders. Buy custom The Mentally Ill Chemical Abusers essay

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Data Acquisition - Urban regenration - Essay Example London City airport is located in the eastern part of London. It is between the Royal Albert Dock and the King George V Dock, two large docks that were built for heavy shipping and in a relatively populated area. It is also close to the Royal Victoria Dock. The redevelopment project will increase the size of the airport and the number of flights to the airport. It would also have good pollution, waste, and noise controls. There are plans to extensively increase the volume of public transportation to and form the airport. This would hopefully reduce the volume of automobile traffic and the need for a large road system. The plan is to build a larger airport that will serve aircraft well but will also not damage the surrounding neighborhoods, docks, or river with excessive pollution or traffic. To carry out this task, a variety of useful surveys will be used. These include an aerial survey, a picture of the finished airport, a geological survey, a hydrographic survey, a historical survey, a topographical survey, and a planning survey. All of these surveys have some importance, but some of the surveys are more useful for the project than others. Some of these surveys are vital, some very useful, and others less useful. The aerial survey is very useful to the project. It provides a visual photograph of the area around the airport. It reveals all of the landforms, buildings, and land uses around London City Airport. This is a very useful survey. If there are tall buildings, radio towers, mountains, or hills in the area around the airport it will be very difficult for airplanes to take off or land at the airport and a high risk of plane crashes. This could cause the project to be unfeasible. If there are residential neighborhoods near the airport they could be adversely affected by the noise from the aircraft. Any inhabited land that is very close to the airport might have to be bought

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Reflection paper on the capstone - Essay Example I believe that to catch the attention of an audience, especially a reader, and to make them read into what one has written, it is vital that what is being written is something they can relate to, as well as having written it in a language, concise yet coherent, that they can understand. To achieve the above mentioned, I made use of ordinary day examples of people, both inside the United States of America, and outside it. A clear example of this can be found in the essay where I mention the examples of South Africans; while they may typically be considered to be ‘black’, the fact that their ancestors are Boers, thereby proving the very point which follows. The sources and materials used are those were more appealing, and most relevant to my line of thought and argument. The style of writing and tone adopted in this essay is scholarly and formal, as it is intended to instruct the reader as well as invigorate their thought process. One of my main motives in writing said essay the way I did, was to inform readers of the adverse implications on ordinary human beings of the vices, and to get their thoughts churning to question what they ordinarily overlook about themselves, the society they live in, its practices of discrimination and subsequently racism, which evidently find their roots in the notion of prejudice. This in essence creates a read that is most certainly moving to a reader. It is also along these lines, and for this purpose that the essay has its structural organization. An attempt has been made to mould the writing style of said essay to one that is of academic writing. Throughout the essay, proof of this can be speculated. The essay makes use of clear and effective writing and terminology, and throughout maintains an essence of formality that is necessary to get the message across to the reader. Every point made is not some without some analysis at my part, and an effective attempt has been made to back it up with relevant factual